Relationship Between Sexuality And Identity - 2496 Words

Discuss the relationship between sexuality and identity in Fun home. This essay will be examining the relationship between sexuality and identity in the book, Fun Home (2006) by Alison Bechdel. Bechdel’s memoir Fun Home explores the way gender and sexual identity play important roles in the world. It frames the discovery that Bechdel when she was a young girl realised she was a lesbian, whilst at the same time finding out that her father is also homosexual and had been sexually active with males throughout his marriage to her mother, destroying their relationship. Through the use of visual comic pictures and writing, the books central themes challenge cultural norms of sexual and gender identity. It questions how associated a daughters open lesbian identity is with her fathers closeted gay one. Bechdel s sexual discovery throughout the book, is always linked to her father Bruces sexual identity and it is possible to say that it had an effect on her own sexuality. She provides the reader with a sample of the identity struggle both her and her father suffered with to illustrate the experience they both had. The images within the text give only a small amount of information, where as the text is the most important element. This essay will explore whether sexuality and identity can be seperated, or whether your sexuality frames who you are with reference to Watson (2008), Freud (1920) and Fantasia (2011), whilst giving an analytical view at the text Fun home. QueerShow MoreRelatedSexuality As A Social Construct1486 Words   |  6 PagesHannah St. Lifer Sexuality as a Social Construct Heternormativity is the idea that there exist two distinctive classifications of the genders, males and females, with customary roles in society. The idea asserts that heterosexuality is the only normal sexual orientation of people and that all sexual and marital relations must abide by this norm. Society has adopted this belief and constructed it into a standard of life. It is normal for people to automatically presume that most other people are heterosexualRead MoreThe Concept Of A Persons View Of The World1365 Words   |  6 PagesThe concept of a relationship, at first thought, seems simple – two people, typically a man and a woman, who are in love. But, coming to this conclusion in a thoroughly modern world can be detrimental to a person’s view of the world. Many type of relationships have emerged, that differ to that ‘man and woman in love’ argument; different types of sexualities, such as bisexuality, can come into play, and even relationship struct ures that defer from the traditional structure of monogamy. This essayRead MoreThe Effects Of Media On Gay Male Body Image1209 Words   |  5 Pagesnegatively impact on its audiences. They had conducted a research to study the impact between media imageries and its audience’s perceptional change in body image by utilizing objectification theory. The result suggested that the media imageries were internalized by gay men which negatively affect their body image. 8) Rutledge, S. E., Siebert, D. C., Chonody, J., Killian, M. (2011). Information about human sexuality: sources, satisfaction, and perceived knowledge among college students. Sex EducationRead MoreHow Heteronormativity And Media Stereotypes On Queer People Express Their Sexualities1655 Words   |  7 PagesSTEREOTYPES IN SOCIETY INFLUENCES HOW QUEER PEOPLE EXPRESS THEIR SEXUALITIES How heteronormativity and media stereotypes influences how queer people express their sexualities Vanessa Gomes Ryerson University â€Å"Who is the man in the relationship?† â€Å"Who tops or bottoms?† These questions have become a fundamental part in queer people’s lives. Why do non queer people need for queer people and their relationships to imitate heternormative heterosexual ones to understand them?Read MoreThe Body, Gender, And Sexuality964 Words   |  4 PagesAllise Sellers Unit 2 Reading Response The body, gender, and sexuality are intertwined concepts that have been simplified to a point that attempts to explain each of these characteristic constructs purely through biology. However, ignoring the social implications in various cultures takes away from the complex analysis these foundational human descriptors actually deserve. In the writings of R.W. Connell, Suzanne Kessler, S.E. Smith, Lisa Wade, Riki Wilchins, and Patricia Hill Collins, these authorsRead MoreEssay about Janet Adelmans Hamlet850 Words   |  4 PagesFreud and Lacan in order to reveal the quadruple-angled relationship of the Hamlet monarchy.   Focusing primarily on the relationship between Gertrude and her son, Hamlet, Alderman attempts to recast the drama as a charged portrait of Oedipal disillusionment and Lacanian sexual-abnegation.   Appropriately, sexuality provides the impetus for Aldermans argument; toying with sex roles and the power of sexuality over family dynamics and identity, she craftily reveals Hamlet to be a sons battle for hisRead MoreRelationship Values Between Gender And Sexuality Essay1181 Words   |  5 PagesRelationship values between gender and sexuality Gender is known as the set of expectations and norms linked to how men and women, and boys and girls, should act. Sexuality which refers to the biological characteristics that define men and women. Relationship values are what you believe in and morals that you hold important to you so you can live your life to the fullest. Your values are based on what you have experienced through your life and what you have learned over the years. Gender and sexualRead MorePerception Of Sexuality And Identity With A Special Focus On Transgender And Transsexuals1131 Words   |  5 PagesTITLE: Perception Of Sexuality And Identity With A Special Focus On Transgender And Transsexuals INTRODUCTION: Sexuality can be primarily defined as an individual’s â€Å"capacity for sexual feelings† (OpenStax College, 2012. Pp. 270). On the other hand identity, in this case, gender identity is â€Å"a person’s self-conception of being either male or female based on his or her association with the feminine of masculine gender roles† (OpenStax College, 2012. Pp. 262). People may be discriminated and be victimisedRead MoreSexuality And Gender : Social Constructs Essay1366 Words   |  6 PagesSexuality and Gender are social constructs. They are more like fluid concepts. Both are on spectrums. Why could they be considered controversial topics, more specifically the spectrum? Well, the idea of sexuality being more than just heterosexuality has been challenged by conservative types and others alike for years. They may even deem anything other than heterosexuality as something abnormal and immoral. For some, it can be quite difficult to understand that sexuality is on a spectrum. EspeciallyRead MoreThe Topic Of Sexuality1144 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduce the topic of sexuality (para)- Horrocks (1997) points out in his book that sexuality encircles multiple aspects of human existence. Sexuality is then, not a uniform or simple phenomenon and is influenced by the interaction of psychological, biological, social, cultural factors and many more. Horrocks (1997), suggests that to try and understand or explain a definitive conclusion about sexuality seems impossible as sexuality has different meanings to so many groups of people. Introduce

My Teaching Philosophy Essay - 783 Words

There are many skills and attributes that one must possess to be an outstanding educator. To be an outstanding teacher one must seek growth in their students, challenging them to push themselves past what they already know with confidence. Giving students encouragement when they feel discouraged about the objective at hand is vital in the classroom. Although these are just two of the many important attributes a teacher must possess I would like to talk to you further about the skills of an effective teacher. In the following paragraphs you learn about the three most important skills that I believe are essential in a classroom; classroom management, students engaged in cooperative learning, and the implementation of the Multiple†¦show more content†¦With the mastery of classroom management an educator can effectively run an engaging classroom for their students to hone their skills; consequently allowing for cooperative learning. This leads to the next quality a teacher must possess that I feel is important for student growth; cooperative learning. In the growing global society of the 21st century we must prepare our students for a team oriented approach to learning. Cooperative learning allows the development of many different skills in the classroom. As many educators know every student is at different intellectual levels when they enter their classrooms. Cooperative learning allows small groups of students with different abilities to learn from their peers. Through teamwork students learn to appropriately commend others when a task is accomplished. Although, students will be working together for a common goal, each individual student will be responsible for their own work. There are several positive outcomes for students through the use of cooperative learning. In particular, it promotes positive interaction between members of different cultures and socio-economic groups. Additionally, it motivates students to learn new material ensuring student metacognition. To sum up my thoughts about cooperative learning I feel t his learning technique offers many benefit’s to students and should be evident in daily learning.Show MoreRelatedMy Philosophy Of Teaching Philosophy911 Words   |  4 PagesTeaching Philosophy When I think about my teaching philosophy, I think of a quote by Nikos Kazantzakis, Greek writer and philosopher. Kazantzakis states, â€Å"True teachers are those who use themselves as bridges over which they invite their students to cross; then, having facilitated their crossing, joyfully collapse, encouraging them to create their own.† In my classroom, I will provide an environment that shows I am a â€Å"true teacher.† Philosophy of Discipline I believe that children learn best andRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Teaching For Teaching932 Words   |  4 PagesWhen I was learning about teaching in college classes my philosophy of education was different than when I actually started doing my student teaching. As soon as a teacher enters the classroom, it should be his/her second home. Teaching is a field of occupation where teacher needs have these two personality traits: patience and flexibility. Not all teachers are same thus each has their unique way of teaching students. My philosophy for teaching is very simple and fair. I would like to incorporateRead MoreMy Philosophy : My Teaching Philosophy893 Words   |  4 PagesMy Teaching Philosophy Since Koreans started to learn English, thousands of people have struggled to master the language. Parents currently invest a lot of money and their children spend enormous amounts of time studying English as government suggests new language policies. However, proper verification and investigation of those policies have not been done yet and the outlet is really not promising (Suh, 2007). Most Korean students study English for tests. The purpose of English is so focused onRead MoreMy Teaching Philosophy : My Personal Philosophy Of Teaching932 Words   |  4 Pages This is my personal philosophy of teaching. This is my belief about teaching and learning and how I will put my beliefs into classroom practices. First and foremost, the purpose of education is to educate students so that they can be ready for the real world. It should prepare students for life, work, and citizenship. To do this, education should teach one to think creatively and productively. In addition to preparing students for the real world, all students should be able to read and comprehendRead MoreTeaching Philosophy : My Philosophy1100 Words   |  5 PagesTeaching Philosophy: Lauren Gross EDUC 120 Learn to Teach, Learn to Learn. / Use the past to teach the future ( That is my philosophy) Theory helps teachers think about what we experience and furthermore to teach and learn about how we, as educators, learn. Teachers should be supportive and cooperative, teachers should play the role of a friend, but also stealthily act in the role of advisor or guide for students. Teachers should live by existing educational theories, but also be able to createRead MoreMy Philosophy : Teaching Philosophy1071 Words   |  5 PagesAfter reading Professor Varis teaching philosophy it is quite evident he takes great consideration for his students and their learning opportunities. As I reflect on and review my understanding and my learning philosophy I am given the chance to reflect on past classes and possibly what could have been different on my behalf and the professor’s behalf. Also at this time I relish the opportunity to contimplate what my values, principles, achievement skills and also my expectations for this class areRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Teaching Philosophy1145 Wor ds   |  5 PagesMy teaching philosophy is to engage in a mutual exchange of knowledge with the students. I believe that through helping students to develop skills of critical reflection and critical thinking they will become able to carry out innovative research and also succeed in work beyond academia. Through interactive teaching methods such as group work, role play, and joint presentations I seek not only to encourage students to engage with me as an instructor, but also to exchange and discuss ideas with theirRead MoreMy Philosophy Of Teaching Philosophy1888 Words   |  8 PagesTeaching Philosophy My philosophy of education is founded on the core principle that all children should have equal access to a quality education that will prepare them for higher education and to be contributing members of society. Schools were founded on the primary principle of teaching values to students as well as educating them academically. While values have been removed from the curriculum, I still believe much of what we do as teachers is instilling values in our students. As educators,Read MoreMy Teaching Philosophy1217 Words   |  5 Pagesis at the elementary school level. My current goal is to either teach the 4th or 5th grade level. Moreover, throughout the semester I have read about or seen different philosophies through the observations I have done throughout the semester. While reading chapter 6 in the class text I thought to myself, as an educator what will be teaching philosophy that best suited my beliefs. Moreover, in chapter 6 there was a test where one would figure out their phil osophy according to the test result. For meRead MoreMy Teaching Philosophy1088 Words   |  5 PagesSince the beginning of my academic career, teaching has always been an important part of my academic duties. The interaction that I have with students is not only enjoyable to me, but it also gives me an invaluable perspective on the subjects I am teaching. Since I started my position at the Mathematical Institute at the University of Oxford, I have tutored in four classes across three semesters and supervised two projects, as detailed in my CV. I am also tutoring two new undergraduate classes in

Quality Libraries Produce Quality Learners †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Quality Libraries Produce Quality Learners. Answer: Introduction: It goes without say that libraries have form part of the strong pillars in learning institutions as far as learning is concerned(Nelson, 2010) and (Small, 2009). It has been hypothesized that the performance in learning institutions which have got libraries is better compared to performance of students in learning institutions without libraries (Barac, 2012) and (Hamilton-Pennell, 2000). Various researches including one conducted by (Todd, 2003) confirm this. This study was conducted in Ohio, U.S.A. This hypothesis has led to a trend whereby students tend to seek admission to institutions where library services are available (Fitzgibbons, 2000) and (Kaye, 2000). To add on, institutions which lack libraries are considered to have not satisfied all laws governing establishment of learning institutions in most nations of the world. Even as various studies acclaim that the facilities have contributed to the improvement quality of education, this short study sought to establish whether th e facilities are that so important in learning institutions (Ullah, 2008) and (Lance, 2002). Already the study done in Ohio, USA by (Todd, 2003) shows that 53% of the students interviewed confirmed that the facility is so important and that they have been able to gain much help especially in their research projects while 12% of the students said the library had not helped them in any way. The population of this study consisted of all students in Holmes College who were undertaking various degree programs in the institution. Though there are other programs such as diploma and certificate programs, the study concentrated on degree students as it is common that it is at this level that students undertake their various researches projects and therefore need the library most. Due to the afore mentioned reason, the study went ahead to concentrate of the final year students only because it is at his stage that the students are busy undertaking serious research on their projects and therefore would appreciate the importance of the library. The questionnaire consisted both qualitative and quantitative aspects. Qualitative aspect of the questionnaire sought to get students opinions, ideas and thoughts. For example one questioned asked whether they were satisfied with library services. Quantitative aspect sought to get numerical answers to the questions asked. For example, the number of times a student visited the library in a week. The questionnaire was majorly closed-ended as the respondents were restricted to the answer choices that were in the questionnaire. This study employed both probability and non-probability sampling in selection of respondents. Purposive sampling was used to ensure that only the final year students were selected. In this case a student was approached and asked whether he or she was a final year student. After getting a pool of final year students, the study then used simple random sampling to select a sample of students that were required to take part in the study. The data collected in this research comprised of both numerical and categorical. The first question in the questionnaire sought to establish the gender of the participant hence the variable gender. Since the answers to the question of gender were either female or male, it can be conformed that the variable was categorical. What the students go to do in the library reason was another categorical variable. Some of the reasons were to study, just borrowing a book or doing research. Another categorical variable was satisfaction. This variable was generated by the question, are you satisfied with the services provided at the library? The variable measured the degree of satisfaction from very dissatisfied to very satisfied. The fourth categorical variable was frequency of visiting the library website. It measured the frequency from the first visit to several times a month. These are just a few categorical variables among others which can be seen from the attached questionnaire at the appen dix. The numerical variables in this study were the number of times a student had visited the library in the past one week. With this variable the study would be able to establish the how busy the library is within a week. The second numerical variable time was created by the question, what is time do you consider best for visiting the library? The choices ran from 0800 hours to 1700 hours. This question sought to find the time when the library is being used most and the time it is being used less. The last numerical variable in this study was age of the students who were visiting the library. Table of the number of visits categorized by gender No Of Visit Gender Frequency Percent Percent Cumulative Percent F 1 8 57.1 57.1 57.1 2 2 14.3 14.3 71.4 4 2 14.3 14.3 85.7 10 2 14.3 14.3 100.0 Total 14 100.0 100.0 M 2 4 25.0 25.0 25.0 8 2 12.5 12.5 37.5 10 4 25.0 25.0 62.5 16 2 12.5 12.5 75.0 20 2 12.5 12.5 87.5 45 2 12.5 12.5 100.0 Total 16 100.0 100.0 Table 1 above is a summary table of the number of visits to the library by the respondents categorized by gender. From the results it can be said that the females visited the library so many number of times in a week than their counterparts males. Number of visits by age and gender It can be observed that the female students have got an average age of 21.57 years compared to the male students who had an average age of 19.4 years. The highest number of female students had the age of 19 years which is illustrated by the value of the mode. Among all the female students, the youngest was 18 years old while the oldest 35 years illustrated by the value of maximum and minimum from the summary statistics. The highest number of the male student was 19 years. The youngest and the oldest male student were 18 and 21years old respectively. The library was visited once by many females compared to their male counterparts. This is confirmed by the mode value which is 1. On the other hand the library was visited twice by males compared to females. Summary table of reason of visit by gender Reason of visit Gender Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent F Borrow a book 4 28.6 28.6 28.6 Other 2 14.3 14.3 42.9 Research 6 42.9 42.9 85.7 Study 2 14.3 14.3 100.0 Total 14 100.0 100.0 M Borrow a book 2 12.5 12.5 12.5 Other 2 12.5 12.5 25.0 Research 2 12.5 12.5 37.5 Study 10 62.5 62.5 100.0 Total 16 100.0 100.0 According to the summary table above majority of the female students frequent the library for the purpose of conducting research. They were 42.9% in proportion. The male students on the other hand majorly went to study. 62.5% of the males confirmed. From the results above it can be concluded that among the females, the library was less popular for studying or doing any other business. Among the males, the library was less popular place for doing research or borrowing a book. In summary, it can be said that the main reasons as to why students frequent the library is to study and do research. Majority of the students are satisfied with the services they are getting from the library. This is shown by 11 students who said that they are satisfied and very satisfied. It can therefore be concluded that all the students were satisfied with the services offered at the school library. This is because no student gave a negative response regarding the services offered at the library. From the figure above, it can be observed that many students among those interviewed visited the library website for more information several times a week. This is followed by those who visit the website once a month. Only one student confirmed to be visiting the library website on a daily basis. Similarly only one student testified to be visiting the library for the first time then. A cross tabulation presence of materials and satisfaction What do you do there? * How satisfied are you? Cross tabulation Count How satisfied are you? Total very satisfied satisfied slightly satisfied What do you do there? research 2 4 2 8 study 2 6 4 12 borrow book 2 2 2 6 other 4 0 0 4 Total 10 12 8 30 The table, 4, above shows a cross- tabulation of what the student went to do and whether they were satisfied. Among all the reasons, those who go to the library to study were the most compared to the other numbers and reasons. This is represented by a total number of six out of fifteen. Students went to the library the least number of times for other reasons apart from research, study and borrowing a book. Confidence interval for mean number of times a student visited the library in a week. Calculating the 95% confidence interval for mean number of times a student visited the library in a week, we must have variance, mean and total number of students. From the SPSS calculation, the values of mean, variance and total number are as in the table below (Morey, 2015); Conclusion From the study findings above, various conclusions can be drawn. It can be concluded that majority of the students find the library resourceful. This is confirmed by the number of students who recorded their satisfaction about the library services they were receiving. The number of times the students visited the library in a week and the number of times they visited the library website is a clear testimony that the library is an important and integral part of learning. It can also be said that most students in the institution like visiting the library during afternoon hours. There are three sessions, the morning session, the afternoon session and the evening session. This could be attributed to the fact that in the morning students are attending lectures while in the evening most of them are tired and are probably relaxing waiting for the following day. The institutions library website is also very important to the students. Students who are not able to present themselves physically to the library are able to log on the librarys website to seek more information and get various online services. This research study has revealed that the main reasons why students visit the library is for them to study and do research. There are other reasons but the afore mentioned reasons are why students visit the library. References Barac, L. (2012). Full time school librarians linked to higher student reading scores. Fitzgibbons, S. (2000). School and Public Library Relationships: Essential Ingredients in Implementing Educational Reforms and Improving Student Learning. Hamilton-Pennell, C. (2000). How School Librarians Help Kids Achieve Standards: The Second Colorado Study. Hoekstra, R. (2014). Robust misinterpretation of Confidence Intervals. Kaye, J. (2000). The Greying of the Teacher Librarian, ALIA conference. Lance, K. C. (2002). What Research Tells Us About the Importance of School Libraries, presented at the White House Conference on School Libraries,. Morey, D. (2015). Fallacy of placing confidence in Confidence Intervals. Nelson, J. (2010). Library staffing benefit Latino student achievement. CSLA JOURNAL. Pav, K. (2010). Overlapping Confidence Interval. Small, R. V. (2009). The impacts of New York's school libraries on student achievement and motivation. Todd, R. J. (2009). School libraries, Now more than ever. Ullah, S. Z. (2008). Quality libraries produce quality learners. Journal of quality and technology management.

Salaam Bombay Essays (1114 words) - Indian Films, Films,

Salaam Bombay Salaam Bombay! Moiz Bhinderwala Westford, MA Title: Salaam Bombay! Director: Mira Nair Give a brief description of the main characters: The main characters in this movie are Krishna, his friend Chillum, a prostitute with her small daughter, a pimp, street-kids and a 16-yr old girl. Krishna: Krishna is a twelve year old boy, who is in search for a job so that he can earn enough money to pay his mother in order to return to his family. He is left behind by a travelling circus where he works. Left with no other option Krishna decides to head to a big city in search for a job. He heads to Bombay, a big metropolitan city in India. He finds a job at a tea-shop as a tea-delivery boy. Apparently this tea-shop is located near a prostitution area of the city, which Krishna has to frequent to deliver the tea. There he comes across various people, such as a prostitute who has a small daughter, a 16-yr old girl who has been forcefully dragged into this profession, and these people then slowly become a part of his life in the city. Krishna's experiences in the city, his ability to withstand the tough life in the city, his generosity towards his friend, the conflicts that take place, all create interesting ?bends? in this movie. The plight of abandoned street children in Bomb ay is examined through the life of Krishna works hard to overcome his conditions only to find there is no way out! Chillum: Chillum like Krishna had ran away from his home in the village at a very young age and came to Bombay. Chillum is a drug addict and works for a pimp in the prostitution area. Chillum and Krishna slowly develop a close-knit friendship as both can identify with each other's lives. When Chillum loses his job, and can't any more, becomes dependent on Krishna for expenses on drugs. He dies soon of drug abuse. In a way, through Chillum this movie portrays how drugs have affected life of the poor street-kids of Bombay, how they are mistreated and abused by people who take advantage of them because of their vulnerability. The prostitute with her daughter: This is yet another result of human desire that plagues human society- prostitution. As sad as it is, prostitution in cities like Bombay is a big business. Most girls who become prostitutes, don't do so by choice, they are forced into it. Most of these girls are from small towns and villages, who are brought to cities with big promises and then dumped into such areas. The story of the prostitute in the movie is no different. The word prostitute doesn't seem apt for this lady, who shows such compassion and love. It is a very sad situation that she is in, like many other prostitutes in cities like Bombay. Through her daughter the movie portrays the life of many such kids, who are abused and neglected by a parent, in her case, Baba. Her mother however is very loving and cares for her, she doesn't want her daughter to end up in the same profession as her. She is the world to her mother. Baba (the pimp): The pimp who calls himself Baba (respected master) is a dark character in this movie. He is the father of the prostitute's daughter. He apparently is also a drug dealer who employs people like Chillum to distribute drugs around the city. He lives off the money that the prostitute earns. He had promised her that he will someday free her from this profession, but that was just a promise that he never lives up to. Street-Kids: The street-kids portrayed in the movie, although are seemingly very mean and nasty, they are a victim of the vicious circle of poverty that exists in big cities like Bombay. many such kids run away from their homes in small towns and villages in search of a better life or jobs and the attraction of cities like Bombay, which is a center of the Indian film-industry leads them there. This vicious circle makes them do crimes like robbery, gambling and drug abuse. Source of Conflict: Salaam Bombay! is the story of Krishna, a 12-year old

Dramatic techniques in A Raisin in the Sun & As You Like It essays

Dramatic techniques in A Raisin in the Sun & As You Like It essays In the plays, As You Like It, by William Shakespeare and, A Raisin In The Sun, by Lorraine Hansberry, there are various dramatic techniques that are employed by the playwrights. Some of the techniques developed in both of the plays include contrast, satire, irony, sarcasm, parody, music and dance. Other techniques being employed, appearing in William Shakespeares, As You Like It include puns, asides and soliloquies. As You Like It is a comedy, which mainly employs parody, irony, satire and contrast, whereas A Raisin In The Sun, is a tragi-comedy also mainly employing the dramatic techniques of contrast, parody and sarcasm. The techniques that both playwrights employ are fitting, however, given the period in which the plays were written. As You Like It, was written and performed in about 1599 whilst A Raisin In The Sun was written in 1959. A Raisin In The Sun can be seen as a satire to expressively bring out the ridiculous in some of the characters and their seemingly archaic ideals. In this play Lorraine Hansberry eloquently displays the meaninglessness behind the animosity between the whites and blacks and the strained relations of the men and women in the play. She uses parody and sarcasm to explore the themes of racism and gender relations in a way that would affect positive change. Hansberry indirectly explains the motive behind the path of the play, through the use of the newspapers and general reports by the characters on how racism has affected many in the play. The black families being bombed in white neighbourhoods are such an example. Walter and the way in which he treats the Younger women is such an example. Walter believes that women should have no great ambition in life as he distastefully says to Beneatha, Who the hell told you had to be a doctor. Walter goes on to say, Go be a nurse like other women or just get married and be quiet. This statement is sarcastic and ...

Accounting Is Important For Growth Sustainabilityâ€Free Samples

Accounting is very important for the growth and sustainability of both old as well as new businesses globally. The financial books, therefore, need to be in top shape every year in order for other activities to run smoothly and improve profitability. Moreover, proper accounting of financials of the businesses enhances the future trends of the business in terms of making decisions (Guthrie and Parker, 2014). This calls for efficient and long-term plans in terms of accounting for a business because the accounting needs are likely to increase as the business grows. In this case, the international financial reporting framework needs to be adopted because it is associated with several merits (Jorissen et al., 2017). To determine the effectiveness of financial accounting report statements in SMEs in Jaipur, India. The importance of financial accounts in the businesses cannot be underestimated. The scope of this study will be to focus on non listed private limited liability entities in the financial sector such as banks and other privately owned firms and companies. The SMEs will thus be selected from this class of businesses and their financial statements analyzed. Accurate financial reporting also gives the investors the willingness and confidence to invest in the business. Moreover, accurate finance reports lead to low costs of capital and ensure that the resources in a business are allocated wisely on the basis of economic development (Suddaby et al., 2015). This calls for the internationally recognized accounting standards to be used because they are of top quality. Another advantage of the global accounting standards in a business is that they can be shared, understood and embraced by several setters of standards globally. Although there are some domestic setters of financial standards, but they need to be in agreement with global setters. In this case, the basic theory of financial standards is not just theory but should be based on support. Since there are very many global standards which act as a financial to global accounting and auditing, the standards adopted should be able to achieve some results. Be hiring a reputable company to ta ke care of the accounting needs of a business, it could be possible to be moving in the right direction in terms of accounting. This makes it possible to fill in some gaps which exist in global accounting which could lead to enhanced business performance. There are some functions of business transactions such as payrolls and ledger books which are almost a daily part of any business (Armstrong et al., 2015). These transactions are carried out on the basis of a set routine and protocol which do not necessarily require expertise in business. In some cases, this can be very dangerous to the company because global accounting standards are very crucial in minimizing errors. In this case, a research will be carried out to determine the use of SMEs in Jaipur city in India. Lack of proper accounting in business is identified with various problems which can negatively affect the continuity and overall performance of a business. For instance, inappropriate accounting makes it difficult for a business to open operations in new markets (Guthrie and Parker, 2014). With increasing varied needs for various market segments, the financial companies face a lot of pressure in an effort to meet the clients' needs. As the shortage of labor increases, so does the companies become in need of talents for its employees. With the young generation adopting technologies, when they retire from service, it becomes important for a company to get other talented people so that they can create plans for the future business operations (Kaya and Koch, 2015). Moreover, there are challenges in creating a team of internal employees who can demonstrate leadership abilities. Such leaders are very crucial for the continuity of the business upon retirement. However, the challenges being faced by businesses in terms of financial accounting and auditing create problems. If some talented leaders would be trained, they would become experts in solving some of the problems that the business might face in the course of its operations (Van Auken and Carraher, 2013). Such motivated and talented employees who possess the best qualities for business operations can thus be an asset because they determine the way in which the customers, employees, and investors perceive the company (Leuz and Wysocki, 2016). However, if the resources are not appropriately allocated due to poor financial reporting, then it becomes difficult for the business to obtain external help in molding the team of next generation leaders who would build the reputation of the business. There are several problems which are associated with lack of proper financial accounting among the SMEs. Most of these classes of business do not adopt the international accounting standards and may mostly rely on their accountants. This could lead to improper decision making which affects the profitability of the business due to failure in meeting the requirements of the business. Another problem which emanates from improper financial reporting is that there are problems with regards to adoption of technology. Some businesses are so reluctant in coping and keeping abreast with the ever-changing trends in technology in order to meet the needs of the customers. Moreover, poor financial reporting could make it difficult to handle the expectations of the clients. This is because nearly every client expects to receive top quality services so that the problems that they are facing can be solved within a short time. It becomes wise that financial reporting companies maintain the customers who are of the same type in terms of meeting their expectations. Since there are variations and varied arguments on whether to use the qualitative or quantitative methods, this study will adopt the mixed methods. The mixed method will apply many data collection methods in terms of interviews and questionnaire surveys. This will allow the detailed investigation of financial reporting among the SMEs in India by use of several perspectives, a step which will increase the confidence of the researcher on the obtained data and results. The use of multiple sources will enhance a complete and holistic form of data collection for this research. As a result, elements of both the qualitative as well as the quantitative data collection methods will be used. This is because there is a wide range of research questions which needs to be answered to meet the requirements of this research. Some of these research questions are more of descriptive and exploratory, necessitating the use of mixed methods. More specifically, the inclusion of the qualitative aspects of data collection, will make it possible to understand the complex nature of the aspects that are being studied and hence a clear understanding. Since the accounting processes involve the human behaviors, the mixed research will help in gaining an understanding of the nature of usage of accounting information. The qualitative research will therefore use a detailed questionnaire which will have both open ended as well as closed ended questions. Therefore, the concurrent triangulation research approach will be used such that the quantitative and qualitative data collected will be analyzed separately but interpreted together. For the quantitative methodology, well structured interviews will be conducted to the same number of respondents on phone as well as face to face. This will ensure that each of the interviews will have the same set of questions. As such, comparisons between various types of SMEs will be easily made based on the aggregation of the obtained answers. In this case, all people of 18 years and above will be included in this study. This will be done in order to ensure that the perceptions of social media marketing in financial institutions were covered throughout all ages. More so, the various SMEs in Jaipur city will be interviewed in order to get their reactions and views concerning financial accounting and auditing in decision-making processes (Vander Bauwhede et al., 2015). Having identified the population, it is important for the researcher to draw a sample from the population. This sample is representative of the population being studied and hence the findings of the sample population can be interpreted on to represent the study population (Charan & Biswas, 2013). In this research, the sample size will be 150,000 SMEs in Jaipur city of India. In this study, simple random sampling technique will be used to interview respondents, answer the research questions and test the hypothesis. A pilot study will be carried out before the main study in order to determine the effectiveness of the data collection tool before the main survey. The variables in this research will be classified as dependent (that the researcher is interested in) and independent (affects the dependent variables). The dependent variables will include age, gender of the respondents. The independent variables will include the nature of the business, whether they use the standard financial accounting standards, level of effectiveness of the financial statements, nature of the business and whether they file the tax returns. Having chosen the sample for this study, forms of informed consent will be sent to the study participants electronically and by hand delivery. The purpose of the study will be explained to the participants and responses will be promised to be confidential and only compiled together with the views of other participants to make a general conclusion and recommendation. The questionnaires will be sent to the respondents via their email addresses while others will be delivered by hand by the research assistants. The participants will be asked to submit the filled questionnaires back to the researcher after three days. The responses received from the questionnaires and interviews will be entered in Microsoft excel, edited and coded as appropriate. The data will be exported into SPSS version 17 data analysis software, analyzed and data presented using descriptive statistics such as means, mode percentages, 5-likert scale and standard deviations. The summaries of the results will be visually presented in forms of tables, charts, and graphs. Moreover, multilinear regression model will be used to find out the use of financial accounting in SMEs. The responses received from the questionnaires will be entered in Microsoft excel, edited and coded as appropriate. The data will then be exported into SPSS version 17 data analysis software, analyzed and data presented using descriptive statistics such as means, mode percentages, 5-likert scale and standard deviations. The summaries of the results will be visually presented in forms of tables, charts, and graphs. Moreover, multilinear regression model will be used to find out the effectiveness of financial reporting for SMEs. While the multi-linear regression controls the effects on independent variables, it will also offer information concerning the effects of independent variables. It is expected that most of the SMEs that uses financial reporting are banks, tax authorities and some management entities. For the case of large SMEs, the financiers are the biggest users of accounting (Brouwer and Hoogendoorn, 2017). Since the directors form the majority of the shareholders of the SMEs, several sources of information are used for the purposes of decision making. In this case, the SMEs statements are expected to be the biggest source of information for the purpose of decision making. There is a likelihood of using both internal as well as external sources of financial accounting reporting standards (Valentinetti et al., 2016). Most of the tax liability by the directors of the SMEs can be estimated using financial statement. The use of mixed methods in research is associated with threats to the validity and reliability of the results obtained. For the primary data a test for validity and reliability will be conducted to find out whether the same results can be reproducible. However, for secondary data, there will be no need of carrying out the test because the data will have already been published and signed as passed in the financial statements of various SMEs. Some of the limitations of the methodology in this research will be in terms of the long time and effort required. Moreover, the research will require more resources in order to collect enough information to answer the set-out research questions. While many sources of information will be used in order to be confident with the research findings, most likely some of the information obtained might not be collaborative and hence there could be a possibility of the discrepancy of results. Most of the respondents who will be considered in this research are those who have sound business enterprises. Since some of the respondents who will be out of reach will be sent the questionnaires, there might be a possibility of bias in terms of ability to read, write or use internet services. Armstrong, C., Guay, W.R., Mehran, H. and Weber, J., 2015. The role of information and financial reporting in corporate governance: A review of the evidence and the implications for banking firms and the financial services industry. Brouwer, A. and Hoogendoorn, M., 2017. The role and current status of IFRS in the completion of national accounting rules–Evidence from the Netherlands. Accounting in Europe, pp.1-13. Charan, J., & Biswas, T. (2013). How to calculate sample size for different study designs in medical research?. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 35(2), 121. Guthrie, J. and D. Parker, L., 2014. The global accounting academic: what counts!.  Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal,  27(1), pp.2-14. Jorissen, A., Britton, A., van Mourik, C., Hoogendoorn, M. and Alexander, D., 2017. International Financial Reporting and Analysis. Kaya, D. and Koch, M., 2015. Countries’ adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standard for Small and Medium-sized Entities (IFRS for SMEs)–early empirical evidence. Accounting and Business Research, 45(1), pp.93-120. Leuz, C. and Wysocki, P.D., 2016. The economics of disclosure and financial reporting regulation: Evidence and suggestions for future research. Journal of Accounting Research, 54(2), pp.525-622. Mulvey, G. J. (2015). Ethics in research. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96(3), 477-479. Suddaby, R., Saxton, G.D. and Gunz, S., 2015. Twittering change: The institutional work of domain change in accounting expertise.  Accounting, Organizations and Society,  45, pp.52-68. Valentinetti, D., Rea, M.A. and Basile, C., 2016. Differences between national reporting practices and IFRS for SMEs presentation and disclosure requirements: Evidence from Italy. International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting, 6(2), pp.146-174. Van Auken, H. and Carraher, S., 2013. Influences on frequency of preparation of financial statements among SMEs. Journal of Innovation Management , 1(1), pp.143-157. Vander Bauwhede, H., De Meyere, M. and Van Cauwenberge, P., 2015. Financial reporting quality and the cost of debt of SMEs. Small Business Economics, 45(1), pp.149-164.

Introduction to macroeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Introduction to macroeconomics - Essay Example A single estimate is then derived and published as the official estimate of GDP. There are two ways to measure the GDP, Real and the Nominal. Every country uses estimates of GDP in real terms as the international standard to measure growth in an economy. It is essential to follow a common standard so as to allow meaningful comparisons between different economies. United Kingdom follows the international conventions and European Union guidelines. This paper examines the GDP as a metric for measuring the health of an economy. It begins by analysing the distinction between the real and the nominal GDP and then goes on to elucidate the voids in using GDP as a sole quantifier of national economy. It then suggests other alternatives and gives the relative merits of using other systems to access the state of national economy of any country. The GDP of every economy tends to rise over a period of time. ... The real GDP is the value of the GDP at constant prices using a given base year value. It excludes any inflation and reflects the changes purely in volume terms; thus giving the actual level of economic activity. It is estimated using chained volume measures. The nominal GDP gives the value of GDP at current prices, prices for which year the GDP is taken. Growth in nominal GDP reflects the effects of inflation, as well as real GDP growth .It reflects change in value terms. For example to calculate the value of 1999 nominal GDP, we will sum the value of all expenditures in 1999, using the prices that prevailed then. The real GDP would be calculated by taking the sum of the values of all the expenditures in 1999, but using the prices that prevailed in the base year (2003). When the economists need to quantify inflation they take the ratio of nominal to real GDP, and take its percentage. This then is called the GDP deflator. A Time Series data of nominal and real GDP. Year GDP at current market prices (millions of pounds) GDP at constant (2003) market prices (millions of pounds) GDP Deflator (index 2003=100) Population (in millions) 1990 558,160 814,956 68.49 57.237 1991 587,080 803,892 73.03 57.439 1992 611,974 805,699 75.96 57.585 1993 642,656 824,085 77.98 57.714 1994 680,978 859,566 79.22 57.862 1995 719,747 884,748 81.35 58.025 1996 765,152 909,102 84.17 58.164 1997 811,194 936,717 86.60 58.314 1998 860,796 968,040 88.92 58.475 1999 906,567 997,295 90.90 58.684 2000 953,227 1,035,295 92.07 58.886 2001 996,987 1,059,648 94.09 59.113 2002 1,048,767 1,081,469 96.98 59.322 2003 1,110,296 1,110,296 100.00 59.554 2004 1,176,527 1,146,523 102.62 59.834 2005 1,224,715 1,167,792 104.87 60.209 Source : http://eh.net/hmit/ukgdp/ Efficacy of GDP as a